Polyirethane (PU) chithotho chambiri chakhala chimangana chamakono, chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pomanga, firiji, ndi ntchito zamagetsi chifukwa cha magwiridwe ake apadera. Pakati pazinthu zomwe wopanga amapanga ndi wothandizika, chinthu chothandizira kupanga ma cellular. Popita zaka zambiri, ukadaulo wowombera waphulika wasintha kwambiri, woyendetsedwa ndi malamulo azachilengedwe, mphamvu zothandiza, komanso malingaliro achitetezo. Nkhaniyi ikuwunikiranso izi za othandizira a Puke, omwe amayang'ana pazinthu zinayi zinayi za 4.

Mbiri yachidule yakuwomba mibadwo yothandizira

1. M'badwo Woyamba: CFCS (Chlorofluorbocarbons)
2. Mbadwo Wachiwiri: HCFCS (Hydrochlorofluocarbons)
3. Mbadwo wachitatu: HFCS (Hydrofluorocarbons)
HFCS monga HFC - 245FA ndi HFC - 365Mfc adachotsa ozoni odabwitsa koma adatsutsa kuwonongeka kwa zinthu za kutentha kwapadziko lonse (GWP). Kusintha kwa Kigali (2016) kunathandizira kuchoka kutali ndi kukwera - GWP HFCS.
4. M'badwo wachinayi: HFOS ndi Otsika - Mayankho a GWP
Malonda amakono ngati hydrofluoooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooodins (e.g.

Chachinayi - Offie Ouzira: Kuchita Zinthu Mokwanira

M'badwo waposachedwa wa ogula amalankhula zolakwa za matekinoloje pompopoma ndi zolinga zapadziko lonse lapansi. Nayi mawonekedwe awo ofotokoza:

1. Ultra - Wotentha Kwambiri Padziko Lonse Lapansi (GWP)
Chachinayi - Mtsogoleri wa m'badwo, makamaka HFOS (E.g. Mwachitsanzo, hfo - 1233ZD ili ndi GWP ya <1, compared to HFC-245fa’s GWP of 1,030. This drastic reduction supports compliance with regulations like the EU F-Gas Regulation and U.S. SNAP.

2.
Mosiyana ndi CFC ndi HCFCS, HFOS ndi othandizira owombera (E.g., Cyclopentane, Co₂) alibe

3. Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ndi magetsi
Ngakhale pali zovuta zotsika - gwp imatha kunyengerera mtundu wazovuta, zotsogola zapamwamba tsopano zikufanana kapena kupitirira matenthedwe (lambda) a HFCS. Mwachitsanzo, ma Hfos, mwachitsanzo, athandizeni kuti akwaniritse λ - Mfundo za 19 mpaka 12 mw / mu · K, zomwe zimathandizira chitetezo mu nyumba ndi zida.

4..
Ndi maboma akukhazikitsa mandironi okwera kwambiri - GWP Mankhwala, wachinayi - othandizira omwe ali m'derali mtsogolomo. A U.S. EPA. EPA. EPA.

5. Chitetezo ndi Kugwirizana
Othandizira amakono amayang'ana chitetezo. HFOS ikuwonetsa zowoneka bwino (zigawo za A2l) ndi poizoni, mosiyana ndi hydrocarbons (E.g., Cyclopentane), zida zosonyeza kuphulika. Kuphatikiza apo, amaphatikizana ndi makina osawoneka bwino okhala ndi makina owombera omwe alipo, kuchepetsa kubwezeretsa ndalama.

6. Njira Za Zachilengedwe: Co₂ ndi Madzi
Kupitilira pa HFO, Co₂ (yogwiritsidwa ntchito ngati madzi kapena kudzera mu mankhwala) ndi madzi (opanga co₂ *) Ngakhale zovuta ngati chiwongola dzanja chiwopsezo chikupitilira, zomwe zikuchitika R & D akutsuka ntchito yawo.

Zovuta ndi Mwayi

Ngakhale kuti ogulitsa azaka - Offees owomba ager amayang'ana kutsogolo, zovuta zili:
- Mtengo wotsika mtengo kuposa wothandizila ntchito, ngakhale ndizachuma pamlingo womwe umayembekezeredwa kuti muchepetse mitengo.
- Kugulitsa Magwiridwe Ake - Zosintha: Othandizira achilengedwe amafuna kusintha kwa kusintha kwa chithovu.
- Mitundu yakale yakale: Kupanga mitundu yotukuka ikusintha chifukwa cha zojambulajambula ndi zotchinga mtengo.

Komabe, zopeza zikupitilirabe. Makina ophatikizana ndi ma hfos okhala ndi hydrocarbons, nanotechnology - Lonjezo la AI, ndi AI - Lonjezo Lotsogola Kutha Kosakhalitsa.

Mapeto

Kusintha kwa wachinayi - othandizira owombera akuwonetsa kudzipereka kwa Pu Pukitala kukhazikika popanda kunyalanyaza magwiridwe antchito. Ma HSOS ndi njira zachilengedwe zikuwombolera miyezo yotchinga, nyumba zotsogola zobiriwira, mphamvu - zida zamakono, komanso nyengo - mafakitale okhazikika. Ponena za kuchuluka kwa mabungwewo, mayankho awa adzalimbitsa gawo lawo ngati msana wa otsika - Carbon tsogolo la chilengedwe ndi luso laukadaulo lingathe.